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Germany and Latin America edited by Larry McCart
Germany
is investing in Latin American industry as never before. The Latin
Business Chronicle reports that German companies are
producing 10 percent of the Brazilian gross domestic product. Meanwhile, German industrial giant ThyssenKrupp AG is constructing a
$4.6 billion steel-producing
complex in Brazil (in the State of Rio de Janeiro) that will
transform mineral wealth of South
America into vast amounts of steel products to be sold
in Europe and Latin America by 2009. About 13,000 construction
men will have worked three years to build this steel-producing complex. The cooperation between ThyssenKrupp AG
and the Brazilian government regarding this massive project is making
stronger a business
relationship that began in 1837. When Brazilian
President Luiz
Inácio Lula da Silva visited the construction site of this steel-producing
complex in February 2008, the chairman of ThyssenKrupp's steel-producing
division, Dr. Karl-Ulrich Köhler, delivered a speech that recalled these
long-standing ties, and said, "The steel
mill, that involves an investment of €3 billion, will be a solid
basis for the continuation of these excellent relations". These
"excellent relations"
prompted
German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier to call for a "partnership" with Latin America, and these
"excellent relations" convinced German Chancellor Angela Merkel
to tour Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru from May 13, 2008, to May 20,
2008. The
Latin
Business Chronicle reports that Latin American trade
with the European
Union is growing at nearly twice the rate as its trade with the
United States. As the US economy dips into recession, Latin America
will be forced to become even more reliant on Germany and the European
Union as both a trade partner and source of investment. German trade alone across the entire Latin American region has already
risen to a value of $62 billion as of 2007 — making Germany Latin
America’s largest trade partner in the European
Union. The
Flag Follows Trade To
see where this economic goodwill is leading, it is helpful to
understand the mind of the founder of ThyssenKrupp AG in the post-World
War Two world. Alfried Krupp von Bohlen
und Halbach was
the chairman of the board of directors of ThyssenKrupp's predecessor
organization, Fried Krupp AG, from 1943 until 1967. Possibly more than any other man of his era, he understood that economic
relations could be a precursor to political influence. He once said that
his corporation would reverse the old adage that trade follows the flag.
In a new, postwar German Reich, the flag would follow trade. Alfried
Krupp and other major German industrialists used their company's
exports to strengthen Germany’s economy and to increase its political
influence over other nations — especially resource-rich nations that
could serve as an industrial base. As
the richest and most powerful industrialist in the European
Economic Community (established in 1957), Alfried Krupp helped lay
the foundation for the economic relations that resulted in the
founding of the European Union. As one of the first Western European
industrialists to establish business contacts with the markets of
Eastern Europe, Alfried Krupp helped lay the foundation for the European
Union's eastward
expansion after the fall of the Soviet Union. As one of the first to
recognize the importance of establishing trade contacts with Latin
America, he set in motion a process of economic development that
resulted in German businesses making large investments in Latin America. History
of the Krupps The Krupp
family has played an important role in German industry for the last 400
years. The Krupp industrialists have been dubbed the "Uncrowned
Kings of Essen" because of their historic role as the leaders of
German industry. Anton Krupp produced 1,000 gun
barrels per year for Germany in the Thirty Years War (1618-1648).
Friedrich Krupp dug the trenches for Napoleon once Essen allied with
France (1812). The Krupps produced cannons that the German states
used in their bombardment of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War
(1871). Alfried's father, Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, was the
only German to be put on trial after both world wars for his
role in producing weapons of war for both Kaiser Wilhelm and Adolf
Hitler. Alfried worked closely by his father's side throughout the
Second World War until he was arrested, convicted at
Nuremburg, and imprisoned. Regarding his arrest, Alfried Krump pointed out that
he had not done anything wrong — that the arrest was completely a
political thing. Even
before the arrest of Alfried Krump in 1945, he was planning the establishment of a strong, postwar
Germany. Alfried Krupp was released from prison in 1951, and he resumed sole proprietorship of Fried Krupp AG in 1953. Upon reassuming control of his company, Alfried Krupp immediately went to work strengthening Fried Krupp AG (and Germany) by establishing new export markets in Eastern Europe, Africa, and Latin America. His business genius was such that after 10 years he was the richest individual and most powerful industrialist in the European Economic Community. Shortly before Alfried Krupp passed away at the age of 59 in July, 1967, Fried Krupp AG's indebtedness caused Alfried Krupp to announce that his company would become a public corporation. His son Arndt von Bohlen und Halbach (1938 -1986) relinquished his inheritance rights as well as the Krupp name. After 1967 the Krupp corporation continued to follow the path Alfried Krupp had set for it. In 1999 the Krupp corporation merged with its largest competitor, Thyssen AG; the resulting business is the third-largest steel producer in the world; has five divisions; and owns around 100 companies. They produce steel, heavy machinery, transportation equipment, and industrial plants. Berthold Beitz is honorary chairman of the Supervisory Board of ThyssenKrupp AG, and is chairman and executive member of the Board of Trustees of the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation in Essen (the foundation that as of 2005 held 23.58 percent of the voting rights in ThyssenKrupp AG).
Germany's Latin American Industrial Base The German-led European Union (the number one global superpower) needs the natural resource wealth of Latin America more than ever. The entire region from the Rio Grande to Terra del Fuego is a giant storehouse of timber, natural gas, crude oil, minerals, precious metals, and especially iron. It is easy to see why Germany has worked so hard to set new trade records with nations like Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina. Latin America is far more important to Germany as an industrial base than as a trade partner. The total value of goods and services produced by German companies in Latin America is four times the value of actual German exports to the region. If the investments of other European Union nations like Spain are considered, these figures become even more stunning. Europe as a whole may only be Latin America's second-greatest trade partner (behind the US), but it is definitely the greatest investor in many Latin American nations. In addition to ThyssenKrupp AG, German corporate giants such as Siemens, Bayer, Volkswagen, I.G., Farben, and Deutche Bank have also become household names across Latin America as German business agents imbed themselves throughout Mexico, Central America, and South America. By investing in a nation rather than just trading with it, German business agents are ensuring that they have a far deeper stake in a region that supplies them with machines, vehicles, car components, electro-technical equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemical products, plastics, and especially metal.
Europe's Voluntary Colonies In the second half of 2008, economies in Europe and in Latin American are booming as the US economy enters recession. For the first time since the Great Depression, the collapse of the US dollar is a definite possibility. If the dollar were to collapse, the economic reverberations would shake this world's financial systems to their cores. The US, Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Israel would experience economic meltdown. The economies of Asia, that are largely based on US consumerism, would suffer, at least temporarily. The only self-sustaining economic bloc not in a recession or depression at that point would be the European Union. Nations in Latin America would not have an option other than complete reliance on economic ties with a German-led European Union if nations in Latin America want to maintain prosperity. In effect, if not in name, nations in Latin America would be voluntary colonies of a European empire. |